NATSDF Belt Ranking and Promotion Requirements

NORTH AMERICAN TANG SOO DO FEDERATION
 11435A PALMETTO PARK ROAD
BOCA RATON, FL 33428
(561) 482-9049

HISTORY/TERMINOLOGY FOR 1ST DAN (BLACK BELT) TEST:

1.  North American Tang Soo Do incorporated July, 1992.
2.  Master Ron Tramontano Sr. is the president of the North American Tang Soo Do Fed.
3.  The place of incorporation is Boca Raton, Florida, USA
4.  The founder of Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan is Grandmaster Hwang Kee.
5.  The first Moo Duk Kwan school established in the United States was in 1968
6.  The meaning of  Moo Duk Kwan is:  The brotherhood and school of stopping inner and      outer conflict and developing virtue through Tang Soo Do training.
 
The Eight Key Concepts in Tang Soo Do:

Yong Gi - Courage
Chung Shin Tong Il - Concentration
In Neh -  Endurance
Chung Jik - Honesty
Kyum Son - Humility
Him Cho Chung - Control of Power
Shin Chook - Tension and Relaxation
Wan Gup - Speed Control

Form History:

Kee Cho Hyung Il, E and Sam Boo (Basic I, II, & III) have 22 movements and were created in 1947, Created by Grandmaster Hwang Kee.

All Pyung Ahn Forms were created approximately in 1870
The place of creation was Hwa Nam, China
Creator’s name- Master Idos
“Pyung” means balance, calm and peaceful
“Ahn” means confident and comfortable
Pyung Ahn Cho Dan - 24 movements
    “        “     E Dan     - 31 movements
    “        “     Sam Dan-29 movements
    “        “     Sa  Dan  - 31 movements
    “        “     Oh Dan   -30 movements

Basahee Hyung:  Old name is Pal Che (“The selection of the best choice”) has 52 movement, Creator-Unknown, Dated late in 16th century

Nai Han Ji Cho Dan:  has 35 Nai Han Ji E Dan: has 32 movements, old name “Neh Bo Jin” (Inward step advance) Dates back 900 years from China, Neh Ga Ryu style.

American Flag

Sir, 50 Stars represent the 50 states.

Thirteen Stripes are symbolic of the thirteen original colonies.

Blue stands for justice.

Red, bravery and valor.

White, truth and honesty.

Sir.

 REMEMBER, IT'S NOT ONLY THE QUESTIONS YOU ASK, BUT THE QUESTIONS YOU FAIL TO ASK, THAT SHAPE YOUR DESTINY.

1. IF YOU WERE TO CREATE AN ID CARD THAT WOULD REPRESENT WHO YOU TRULY ARE, WHAT WOULD BE ON IT - AND WHAT WOULD YOU LEAVE OFF?

2. IF YOU WERE TO LOOK IN THE DICTIONARY UNDER YOUR NAME , WHAT WOULD IT SAY?

3. MAKE A LIST RIGHT NOW OF ALL THE ELEMENTS OF YOUR IDENTITY YOU WANT TO HAVE.

4.      MOST OF US HAVE CREATED NUMEROUS WAYS TO FEEL BAD, AND ONLY A FEW WAYS TO TRULY FEEL GOOD. LIST FIVE WAYS YOU CAN MAKE YOURSELF FEEL GREAT.
 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.

5. WHAT'S MOST IMPORTANT TO ME IN MY LIFE?

6. WHAT'S MOST IMPORTANT TO ME ABOUT HAVING A GOOD FRIEND?

7. LIST THREE THINGS YOU DO EVERY DAY THAT YOU FEEL ARE EXTREMLY IMPORTANT TO YOU.
 1.
 2.
 3.

8. WHAT IS LIFE? WRITE DOWN THE METAPHORS YOU'VE ALREADY CHOSEN:
            LIFE IS LIKE..."

9. WHAT  ARE YOU TRULY HAPPY ABOUT IN YOUR LIFE RIGHT NOW?
 
 

General Korean Terminology
 
 

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Soo Bahk Do: Name of the art we study
Moo Duk Kwan: Name of the Organization
 
 

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Kwan Jang (Nim): Grandmaster, Head man of Moo Duk Kwan (Hwang Keee)
Sa Bom (Nim): Instructor
Nim: A term of respect similar to "sir" or "honorable"
Sun Beh: Senior member
Hu Beh: Junior member
Dan: Degree, holder of Midnight Blue (black) Belt
Gup: Grade, holder of colored belt under midnight blue
Ko Dan Ja: Senior Dan holder
You Dan Ja: Dan holder
You Gup Ja: Gup holder
Kwan Won: Student member Cho Ba Ja: Beginner
 

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Do Jang: Training hall (studio)
Do Bok: Training suit (uniform)
Dee: Belt
 

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Kuk Gi: National Flag of Korea
Kwan Gi: Flag of style or school of Tang Soo Do
 

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Gi Cho: Basic
Hyung: Form
Deh Ryun: Sparring
Ho Sin Sool: Self-defense
Soo Gi: Hand techniques
Jok Gi: Foot techniques
 

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Neh Gung: Internal power or control in exercise
Weh Gung: External power or control in exercise
Shim Gung: Spiritual power or control in exercise
 

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Mahk Kee: Block
Kong Kyuk: Attack
Ha Dan: Low part
Choong Dan: Middle part
Sang Dan: High part
 

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Ahp: Front
Yup: Side
Dwi: Back
 

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Cha Gi: Kick
Ki Hap: Yell
Shi Sun: Focus of eyes or direction of line of sight
Choong Shim: Balance
 

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Chung Kwon: Forefist
Cap Kwon: Backfist
Soo Do : Knife hand
Yuk Soo Do: Ridge Hand
Kwan Soo: Spear hand
Jang Kwon: Heel of palm
 

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O Rin Jok: Right
Wen Jok: Left
 

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BASIC STANCE (Gi Cho Jaseh)
 
 
 

Jhoon Bee Jaseh: Ready stance
Chun Gul Jaseh: Front stance
Hu Gul Jaseh: Back stance
Kee Ma Jaseh: Horse stance
Sa Ko Rip Jaseh: Side stance (45 degrees)
 

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COMMANDS IN TRAINING
 
 
 

Ku Ryung: count
Ku Ryung E Mat Cho So: By the count
Ku Ryung Up Shi: Without count

Cha Ryut: Attention
Kyung Ret: Bow
Jhoon Bee: Ready
Shi-Jock: Begin
Ba-Ro: Return
Shio: Relax (rest)
Tora: Turn
Dwee Ro Tora: Turn to rear
Bal Cha Ki Jhoon Bee: Ready for kick

Ha Na: One
Dool: Two
Set: Three
Net: Four
Da Sot: Five
Yuh Sot: Six
Il Gop: Seven
Yo Dull: Eight
Ah-Hope: Nine
Yohl: Ten
Ship Ill Bon: Eleven
Ship E Bon: Twelve
Ship Sam Bon: Thirteen
Ship Sa Bon: Fourteen
Ship O Bon: Fifteen
Ship Yuk Bon: Sixteen
Ship Chil Bon: Seventeen
Ship Pahl Bon: Eighteen
Ship Ku Bon: Nineteen
E Ship: twenty
 

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COMMANDS IN STARTING AND CLOSING CLASS
 
 
 

Cha Ryut: Attention
Kuk Gi Bay Ray: Bow to Flag
Ba Ro: Return
Chak Suk: Sit
Muk Nyum: Meditation
Ba Ro: Return
Cha Ryut: Attention
Sa Bom Nim Kay Kyung Ret: Bow to instructor
Sahng Ho Kan E Kyung Ret: Bow to partner (each other)
Shim Sa Kwan Nim Ge Kyung Ret: Bow to Judge or Examiner
 

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BASIC MOVEMENTS (hand)
 
 
 

Ha Dan Mahk Kee: Low block, front stance
Choong Dan Kong Kyuk: middle punch, front stance
Sang Dan Kong Kyuk: High punch, front stance
Sang Dan Mahk Kee: High block, front stance
Ahneso Phaku Ro Mahk Kee: Inside/outside block, front stance
Phakeso Ahnu Ro Mahk Kee: Outside/inside block, front stance

Wheng Jin Kong Kyuk: Side punch, side (horse) stance
Chun Gul Ssang Soo Mahk Kee: Two fist middle block, back stance
Hu Gul Ssang Soo Mahk Kee: Two fist middle block, back stance
Ssang Soo Ha Dan Mahk Kee: Two fist low block (x-block), front stance
Ssang Soo Sang Dan Mahk Keee: Two fist high block (x-block), front stance
Hu Gul Ssang Soo Ha Dan Mahk Kee: Two fist low block, back stance
Hu Gul Ha Dan Mahk Kee: Two fist low block, back stance
Hu Gul Sang Dan Mahk Kee: High block, back stance
Ha Dan Soo Do Mahk Kee: Low knife-hand block, back stance
Choong Dan Soo Do Mahk Kee: Middle knife-hand block, back stance
Sang Dan Soo Do Mahk Kee: High knife-hand block, back stance
Choong Dan Yup Mahk Kee: Side block, back stance
Kwan Soo Kong Kyuk: Spear hand attack, front stance
Yuk Jin Kong Kyuk: Reverse punch, back stance
 

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BASIC MOVEMENTS (Kicking)
 
 
 

Ahp Podo Oll Ri Gi: Front stretch kick
Ahp Cha Nut Gi: Front snap kick
Yup Cha Gi: Front side kick
Yup Podo Oll Ri Gi: Side stretch kick
Yup Poso Cha Gi: Side snap kick
Dull Ryo Cha Gi: Roung-house kick
Dwi Cha Gi: Back snap kick
Dwi Dull Ryo Cha Gi: Back spinning kick
Ahneso Phaku Ro Cha Gi: Circular inside/outside snap kick
Yup Hu Ri Gi: Side hook kick
Ahp Mee Ro Cha Gi: Front pushing kick
Moo Roop Cha Gi: Knee kick
Peet Cha Gi: Diagonal inside/outside snap kick
E-Dan: Jumping
E-Dan Ahp Cha Gi: Jump front kick
E-Dan Yup Cha Gi: Jump side kick
E-Dan Dollyo Cha Gi: jump round-house kick
E-Dan Dwi Cha Gi: Jump back kick
E-Dan Dwi Dollyo Cha Gi: Jump back spinning kick
 

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ANATOMY
 
 
 

Pahl: Arm
Jok (Chinese) or Bahl (Korean): Foot
Chu Mok: Fist
Mok: Neck
Hur Ri: Waist
Da Ri: Leg
Soo (Chinese) or Sohn (Korean): Hand
Pahl Coop: Elbow
Moo Roop: Knee
Tuck: Chin
Eema: Forehead
Ko Whan: Groin
Dan Jun: Abdomen
Myung Chi: Solar Plexus
In Choong: Between mouth and nose
 

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KEY CONCEPTS IN TANG SOO DO
 
 
 

Yong Gi: Courage
Chung Shin Tong Il: Concentration
In Neh: Endurance
Chung Jik: Honesty
Kyum Son: Humility
Him Cho Chung: Control of power
Shin Chook: Tension and relaxation
Wan Gup: Speed control
 

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TOURNAMENT TERMINOLOGY
 
 
 

Shi Jock: Start of the match
Gu Man: Temporary stop
Kay Sok (Shi Jock): Resume match
Kay Sok: Resume match (When the match has been stopped without the proclamation fo the referee.)
Sun Soo Eep Jang: Ordering the contestants into the match area
Sun Soo Wi Chi Jung Nee: Ordering the contestants to their fixed positions
Shi Gan: the signal to the timekeeper to take time

Han Jom: One point
Du Jom: Two points
Seh Jom: Three points

E Sang: The end of the match
Beck (white) or Hong (red) Soong: Victory of the white (red)
Shim Sa: Judgement
Bee Gim: A draw
Yon Jang Jon: Extending the time of the match
Moo Jom: No point
Ban Chuk: Foul
Kyong Go: Warning
Sil Jae Deh Ryun: Contact sparring
Gun Nun Deh Ryun: Non-contact sparring

Ja Kyok Sang Shil: Disqualified
Boot Jap Um: Holding

Sung Ja: Winner
Pah Ja: Loser
 
 
 

 
 

This page lists the North American Tang Soo Do Federation Belt Requirements.
 

10th Gup to 8th Gup     8th Gup to 7th Gup     7th Gup to 6th Gup
 
 6th Gup to 5th Gup     5th Gup to 4th Gup     4th Gup to 3rd Gup
 
 3rd Gup to 2nd Gup     2nd Gup to 1st Gup     1st Gup to 1st Dan

10th Gup to 8th Gup

Requirements

  1. Must be a Federation Member (North American Tang Soo Do Federation)
  2. Must be in class 24 Days within 3 months.
  3. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  4. Elbow Break (1 Board)
  5. Form (Hyung) Rules

  6. Basic (Gi Cho) 1 and 2.
    1. Hand go to the Top and Front leg moves (Regular spot).
    2. Other Hand go to the Top and Back leg moves (Tricky spot).
    Basic (Gi Cho) 3
    1. Hand go to the Bottom and Front leg moves (Regular spot).
    2. Other Hand go to the bottom and back leg moves (Tricky spot).
  7. Hand Techniques:

  8. (Low Block, High Block, Inside/Outside Block. Outside/Inside Block) in Back Stance (Hu Gul) and Front Stance (Chung Gul), Middle Punch, High Punch, Side Punch
  9. Kicking Techniques

  10. Front Stretch Kick, Front Snap Kick, Side Stretch Kick, Side Kick, Round house Kick, Front Jump Kick, Inside/Outside Kick, Outside/Inside Kick.
  11. COMBO #1

  12. Attacker starts right leg back. Standing two feet together, step out with the right foot, open handed block with the left hand. Right hand punches to the stomach, left hand to the face. Slide left foot to the right foot, round house kick to the head using the right leg (lands behind). * Right leg front kicks to the stomach as the attacker performs a left hand low block (kick lands in front). *The attacker, using his right hand grabs your right hand. Move your fingers above the attacker's wrist while taking a small step forward with the right foot at the same time pointing your elbow at the attackers chest, and pulling your right hand to your left ear. Using the same hand (right hand) chop the attacker on the right side of his head, focusing on the temple. Retracting your right hand, use a left handed palm heel to the attacker's chin. Bending at the knees, use your right handed palm heel to the groin (attacker will bend at the waist). * Using your left hand reach behind attacker's neck grabbing the collar. With the right hand, grab the attacker's lower back area (belt, pants, etc.). Pushing on the attackers neck, force your attacker into a forward roll. Stand in a fight stance or a ready stance.
    INSTR. NOTES     KICK     HO SIN         DOWN
     
                      FRONT     1-1         FORWARD ROLL
  13. COMBO # 2

  14. Attacker starts right leg back. Standing two feet together, step out with the left foot blocking with an open right hand. Execute a left hand punch to the attacker's stomach. Right hand punch to the face. Slide your right leg to your left leg. Do a left leg round house kick to the attacker's head, bringing your left leg back behind you. * Execute a left leg low round house kick to the back of your partner's knee placing your foot down behind his leg. With your right hand execute an over the head hammer fist to your partner's head. *Your partner will block your hammer fist with a and then grab right your wrist, pulling your arm downward. Looking at the palm of your right hand, place your left hand on your right shoulder, step with your right foot over to your partner's left side. At the same time, strike your partner in the throat with a left hand soo do. With your right hand, execute a palm heel strike to your partner's chin. With your left hand execute a palm heel strike the attacker's groin. * While grabbing your attacker's right hand with your left hand, step with your right foot behind your partner's left leg. Palm heel to partner's chin with your right hand. Pushing your partner's chin to your right in a circular motion, taking his head down to your left foot, still holding on to his right hand with your left. *Re-grab your partner's right hand with your right hand placing pressure on the back of the hand as your turn it clockwise. Left hand should be placed on the elbow to prevent bending.
    INSTR. NOTES     KICK     HO SIN         DOWN
     
                      ROUND    1-2       (HIGH BLOCK) CHIN
  15. COMBO #3

  16. Stand two feet together, the attacker is right leg back. As attacker steps in to punch, step out with the right leg ( to the right) and do an outside to inside block with the right arm. Punch to the attacker's stomach with your left hand then to the face with the right hand (pulling the left hand back). Slide to the right, using the right leg , side kick the attacker to the abdomen placing the foot down in front. *Then use a hop side kick with the same leg hitting the attacker in the abdomen a second time. *The attacker then uses his right hand to grab your right wrist. Bring your right hand up in front of you with the back of the hand facing in an upward position. Place your thumb of your left hand on the attacker's second knuckle of his right hand and wrap your fingers around his thumb. Slide your right hand toward your attackers right shoulder bending his wrist, (his fingers should be pointing towards himself). Step with the right foot, blocking the attacker's right foot, at a 90 degree angle, and place pressure on the back of the right hand with your right hand in a downward motion. (Continue to keep constant pressure on the second knuckle, using your thumb.) With your right arm elbow the attacker in the head. Re-grab the attacker's right hand, with your right hand, and release your left hand. As you turn in a counter clockwise direction, strike the attacker with your left elbow to his solarplex. Bring your right foot to your left foot, and put your left foot where your right foot was. *Strike attacker using right hand palm heel to the solarplex and at the same time support the attacker's back with your left hand. *Grab the attacker's right wrist, using your left hand, palm heel to your partner's chin with your right hand. Pushing your partners chin to your right in a circular motion, take his head down to your left foot, still holding on to his right hand with your left. Re-grab your partner's right hand with your right hand placing pressure on the back of the hand as you turn it clockwise. Left hand should be placed on the elbow to prevent bending.
    INSTR. NOTES      KICK       HO SIN       DOWN
     
                 STEP BEHIND SIDE   1-3        CHIN
  17. COMBO #4

  18. Stand two feet together; the attacker is right leg back. As attacker steps in to punch, step out with the left leg (to the left) and block with the left arm. Punch to the attacker's stomach with your right hand then to the face with the left hand (pulling the right hand back). Slide your right leg to the left. Using the left leg, place a side kick to your attacker's lower right rib. Place your side kick back behind you. *Now using the same leg perform a crescent kick to your attacker's head, landing in front of him with your back toward him. Move your right leg between you and the attacker. As this is happening your attacker grabs your right hand using his right hand. Re-grab your attacker's right wrist with your right hand and place your left thumb across his right thumb. Start to step with your left leg between you and your attacker striking his right arm with your left arm. Left leg will continue in a circular motion as your head goes under your arms, when your left leg is back in the start position make sure it is placed well to the rear so that the attacker is off balance. Pulling with both hands to your chest execute a head butt to the bridge of your attacker's nose. *Re-grab with your left hand, using your right hand grab the attackers collar, at the same time step back with your right leg knelling on your right knee. Maintaining a good grip with your left hand as you punch your knuckle of your middle finger of your right hand into the back of the neck of the attacker.
    INSTR. NOTES     KICK     HO SIN       DOWN
     
                     CRESENT    1-4         COLAR
  19. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

8th Gup to 7th Gup

Requirements

  1. Must be a Federation Member (North American Tang Soo Do Federation)
  2. Must be in class 24 Days within 3 months.
  3. Must be able to demonstrate ALL lower belt techniques.
  4. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  5. Step Behind Side Kick (1 Board)
  6. Form (Hyung)

  7. Pyong Ahn Cho Dan.
  8. Hand Techniques:

  9. (Low Block, High Block, Inside/Outside Block. Outside/Inside Block) in Back Stance (Hu-Gul) and Front Stance (Chun-Gul), Soo Do Low Block, Soo Do Middle Block, Middle Punch, High Punch, Side Punch.
  10. Kicking Techniques

  11. Front Stretch Kick, Front Snap Kick, Side Stretch Kick, Side Kick, Round-house Kick, Front Jump Kick, Inside/Outside Kick, Outside/Inside Kick.
  12. COMBO #5

  13. Attacker stands right leg back, partner is right leg back. As attacker steps in to punch, you will do a front kick with your right leg to the attacker's abdomen. Place your right leg down on your right side, blocking the attacker's punch with your right outside to inside block. Punch to the face with your left hand, slide back with your right leg to your left leg. Take your left hand and slap the attacker's arm out of the way and do an inside outside kick with your left leg, bring your leg down behind you. Immediately jump and switch your legs, and with your right leg do an ax kick to the collar bone. Put your foot down in front. As the attacker grabs your left wrist with his right hand, immediately jump and switch your legs, (and bring your left hand in to your chest). Do a back fist to the attacker's face with your left arm and a circular groin strike using the same arm. Chop the attacker in the neck or head, using your right ridge hand. Grab the attacker's right hand with your left hand, place your right hand on the attacker's chin, step behind the attacker's right foot with your right foot and take him down to the ground. (Restraint) Once on the ground control him by turning his right arm clockwise and place your right hand on his elbow. Apply pressure straight toward the ground keeping your partner directly underneath you.
     INSTR. NOTES   KICK      HO SIN       DOWN
     
                      AX        2-1       POP NECK
  14. COMBO #6

  15. Attacker stands right leg back, you have your left leg back. As the attacker steps in to punch, do a front kick with your left foot to the attacker's abdomen. Put your left foot on the ground to the left of the attacker, simultaneously doing an outside to inside block to the attacker's punch with your left hand. Punch to the attacker's face with your right hand. Slide your left foot to your right foot and use your right hand to slap the attacker's hand down and out of the way. Using your right leg, do an inside-outside kick striking the attacker's face, and put your right leg behind you. With your right leg back, do a step-behind-side kick to the attacker's right shoulder using your left heel. Attacker grabs your left wrist with his right hand. Take a step with your left foot to the left of the attacker, use your left hand to grab the attacker's right hand by bringing your fingers over his wrist. Now do a soo-do strike to the attacker's left collar bone with your right hand.( All three of the previous moves are to be done at the same time. ) Then grab the attacker's left shoulder with your right hand and strike the solar-plexus with your right knee. Place your right leg behind you, still holding your partner's shoulder and wrist. Now, with your right leg, step behind the attacker's right leg placing the back of your knee against the back of his knee. Use the forearm of your right arm to strike the attacker in the throat, and take your partner to the ground. (Restraint) Once on the ground control him by turning his right arm clockwise and place your right hand on his elbow. Apply pressure straight toward the ground keeping your partner directly underneath you.
     INSTR. NOTES   KICK        HO SIN       DOWN
     
               STEP BEHIND SIDE    2-2       FWD/BACK
  16. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

7th Gup to 6th Gup

Requirements

  1. Must be a Member of the North American Tang Soo Do Federation.
  2. Must be in class 24 Days within 3 months.
  3. Must be able to demonstrate ALL lower belt techniques.
  4. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  5. Hop Side Kick (1 Board)
  6. Form (Hyung)

  7. Pyong Ahn E Dan.
  8. Hand Techniques:

  9. (Low Block, High Block, Inside/Outside Block. Outside/Inside Block) in Back Stance (Hu-Gul) and Front Stance (Chun-Gul), Soo Do Low Block, Soo Do Middle Block, Middle Punch, High Punch, Side Punch, Kwan Soo (Spear hand).
  10. Kicking Techniques

  11. Front Stretch Kick, Front Snap Kick, Side Stretch Kick, Side Kick, Round-house Kick, Front Jump Kick, Inside/Outside Kick, Outside/Inside Kick, Dwi Cha Gi Short (Spinning inside/outside kick), Jump Round house.
  12. COMBO #7

  13. Both you and the attacker are right leg back. As the attacker steps in to punch, do a crescent kick with your right leg, striking the attacker's right wrist ( moving his arm to the left). Hold the right leg in the finishing position of the crescent kick, and then do a side kick to his solar-plexus with your right leg. As you put your right foot on the ground in front of your body, do a left handed reverse punch to your partner's face. Use your left hand to grab the attacker's left shoulder, and use your left knee to strike the attacker's solar-plexus placing your left leg back down directly under attackers face. Strike the back of the attacker's neck with your right elbow, falling into a horse-stance at the same time. Step backwards with your right leg, pivot on the left foot, and do a spin-inside-outside kick with your right leg, striking your partner's face. Put the right leg behind you after the kick. Do a jump front kick with the right foot to the attacker's solar-plexus. The attacker grabs your left wrist with his right hand. Use the "claw" of the right hand to grab your partner's right wrist. Step with your left leg to the right (and in front) of your partner's body. Keep the attacker's right hand against your wrist, and apply pressure to his wrist by pushing your left hand toward his body and pulling his wrist toward your body. Go underneath your partner's arm, and re-grab his wrist so that both of your hands are holding his right wrist. Bring your right leg directly behind you, holding your partner's wrist above his shoulder. Let go with your left hand and punch your partner in the face. ( Re-grab with your left hand. ) Do a front snap kick to the attacker's groin with your right foot, and then take him to the ground by grabbing his right collar with your right hand and pulling him straight down. (Restraint) Control the attacker by applying pressure to his right wrist with your left hand and pushing the knuckles of your right hand into his back.
    INSTR. NOTES  KICK           HO SIN           DOWN
     
            DWI SHORT/JUMP FRONT  2 - 3     COLLAR/GROIN KICK
  14. COMBO #8

  15. Both you and the attacker are left leg back. As the attacker steps in to punch, do a crescent kick with your left leg, striking the attacker's left wrist ( moving his arm to the right). Hold the left leg in the finishing position of the crescent kick, and then do a side kick to his solar-plexus with your left leg. As you put your left foot on the ground in front of your body, do a right handed reverse punch to your partner's face. Use your right hand to grab the attacker's right shoulder, and use your right knee to strike the attacker's solar-plexus placing your right leg back down directly under attackers face. Strike the back of the attacker's neck with your left elbow, falling into a horse-stance at the same time. Bring your left foot to your right foot and do a dwi-cha gi long with your right foot striking the attacker's face, and place your foot down behind you. The attacker grabs your left wrist with his right hand. Place the thumb of your right hand on the second knuckle of his right hand, and place the fingers of your right hand around his right wrist. Lift his right hand to eye-level, making sure that the palm is facing up. Re-grab his right hand with your left so you now have two hands, in the same position, on his wrist. Simultaneously pull both hands to your chest and step backward with your right leg. Apply pressure to the wrist by pushing with both thumbs toward his forearm. Use your right leg to do a front snap kick to your partner's chest, and place your right foot directly under his head. Let go of his wrist with your right hand and do an elbow strike to the back of his head . ( Do NOT let go of the attacker's wrist with your left hand.) Then place your right arm around his neck with the biceps resting on the back of his neck, and place his right wrist in the center of his back at the same time, still holding his wrist. (Restraint) Step back with the right foot and kneel on your right knee controlling your partner in that position
    INSTR. NOTES  KICK           HO SIN           DOWN
     
                 DWI LONG         2 - 4           ARM/NECK
  16. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

6th Gup to 5th Gup

Requirements

  1. Must be a member of the North American Tang Soo Do Federation
  2. Must be in class 24 Days within 3 months.
  3. Must be able to demonstrate ALL lower belt techniques.
  4. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  5. Hop Back Kick (1 Board)
  6. Form (Hyung)

  7. Pyong Ahn Sam Dan.
  8. Hand Techniques:

  9. Two fist low block (X block), Two fist Mid block, Two Fist High block, Soo Do low block, Soo Do middle block, Soo Do high block, Kwan Soo (Spear Hand) attacks, Soo Do (Knife Hand) attacks, Reverse hand, and Hand technique combinations.
  10. Kicking Techniques

  11. Front inside outside snap kick (Pee Cha Gi), Back Kick, Back Side Kick, Back Inside Outside Kick, Hook Kick, Back Hook Kick, and kicking combinations, all lower kicks jumping.
     
  12. COMBO #9

  13. Both you and the attacker start off with right legs back. As the attacker steps in to punch, do a front kick with your right leg to his solar-plexus and place your right leg back down behind you. Immediately pivot on your left foot and do a spin side kick with your right leg to your partner's solar-plexus. As your right leg lands in front of you, do an open handed soo do block with the right hand to the attacker's punch, moving it to the right. Then do a left handed reverse punch to his face. After the punch, use your left hand to move his right arm out of the way in a clockwise circular motion. Then raise your right hand into the air above the attacker's head and drop it straight down, striking his chin with a palm heel. Do a jump round house kick, faking with the left and kicking with the right foot to his face. The attacker then grabs you with both of his hands on your right wrist. Take a small step with your right foot to the right, now standing in a horse stance. Move your right arm in a clockwise motion bending it at the elbow. Look at your palm, which should be at eye level. Then turn your hand around so that the attacker can see your palm. Drop your right hand down so that you can grab his right wrist. Put your left palm underneath your partner's right elbow. Move your partner's arm in a clockwise motion, and take a step to the left with your left foot, landing in a horse stance. Use your body to fill up the space between your partner's right arm and his body, and apply pressure to his shoulder by pushing down on his elbow and pulling up on his hand. Then use your left arm to do an elbow strike to the back of his neck. Grab the top of his head with the left hand and at the same time step backward with your left foot, and pull his head back far enough so he is off balance and falling backward. Still holding on to his right wrist, place it in the middle of his back. Then let go of him with both hands. Pull both hands to the right side of your body. Simultaneously do a hammer fist with the right hand to the groin, and a hammer fist with the left hand to the throat, sending your partner to the ground.
    INSTR. NOTES  KICK         HO SIN           DOWN
     
                 JUMP ROUND      3 - 1        HAIR/GROIN
  14. COMBO #10

  15. Both you and the attacker start off with left legs back. As the attacker steps in to punch, do a front kick with your left leg to his solar-plexus and place your left leg back down behind you. Immediately pivot on your right foot and do a spin side kick with your left leg to your partner's solar-plexus. As your left leg lands in front of you, do an open handed soo do block with the left hand to the attacker's punch, moving it to the left. Then do a right handed reverse punch to his face. After the punch, use your right hand to move his right arm out of the way in a counter-clockwise circular motion. Then raise your left hand into the air above the attacker's head and drop it straight down, striking his chin with a palm heel. Then pivot on your left foot and do a spin side kick with your right foot to his solar-plexus. The attacker then grabs your right wrist with both hands. Move your left foot directly behind your right foot, forming a " T " with your feet. Use your left hand to grab the fingers of your right hand, and bend your knees. Push your right elbow straight up between his arms, forcing him to let go of your wrist. At the same time, execute a front snap kick to his groin with your right foot. As soon as your right foot lands in front of you in a hu gul stance, do a punch with your right hand to his solar-plexus. Then grab his right wrist with your left hand, and step with your right foot to the left (and in front) of your partner. Raise his right arm so that you can go under it. As you do go under it, (stepping with the right foot), make your right arm go over the top of his, and wrap your arm around his arm as you step behind him with your left foot. Place your right hand on his right shoulder, applying pressure to the pressure point on his shoulder. Your left hand should be holding his right at the center of his back, and you should be directly behind him. Then put your right foot in front of his right leg and push him forward causing him to fall to the ground. (Restraint) Still holding his right hand at the center of his back.
    INSTR. NOTES  KICK           HO SIN           DOWN
     
                 BACK SIDE         3 - 2       ARM LOCK/TRIP
  16. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

5th Gup to 4th Gup

Requirements

  1. Must be a Member of the North American Tang Soo Do Federation.
  2. Must be in class 24 Days within 3 months.
  3. Must be able to demonstrate ALL lower belt techniques.
  4. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  5. Jump Round House Kick (1 Board)
  6. Form (Hyung)

  7. Pyong Ahn Sa Dan
  8. Hand Techniques:

  9. Two fist low block (X block), Two fist Chun-Kul block, Two Fist Hu-Kul block, Soo Do low block, Soo Do middle block, Soo Do high block, Kwan Soo (Spear Hand) attacks, Soo Do (Knife Hand) attacks, Reverse hand, and Hand technique combinations.
  10. Kicking Techniques

  11. Front inside outside snap kick (Peet Cha Gi), Back Kick, Back Side Kick, Back Inside Outside Kick, Hook Kick, Back Hook Kick, and kicking combinations, all lower kicks jumping
    .
  12. COMBO #11

  13. The attacker starts with his right leg back, and you start with your left leg back. As the attacker steps in to punch, do a front kick to his solar-plexus with your left foot. Put your left foot down so your feet are together. Do a round-house kick with your right foot to the left side of the attacker's head, and place your foot down in front of you. Immediately pivot on your right foot, and do a spin inside-outside kick with your left foot to his punch, moving it to the left. Put your left foot down behind you. Slide both feet forward and do a left handed reverse punch to his solar-plexus. Immediately do a jump round house kick faking with your left foot and striking the attacker's face with the right foot. The attacker then grabs your right hand with both of his hands. Cover his right hand with your left hand and keep his hand against your wrist. Step with your right foot to the left (and in front) of your partner, doing a kwan soo toward the ground. This will make your partner let go of you with his left hand. Go under his right arm and re-grab his hand so that you have two hands on his wrist. Move your right leg back in front of your partner, holding his wrist with your left hand just below eye level. With your right hand punch to the pressure point under the attacker's right arm. Re-grab the wrist with the right hand. Still maintaining a good grip, step across and in front of your attacker with your left leg going under his arm. Bring your right leg moving in a clockwise direction 360 degrees behind you in a front stance facing the attacker. Kick your attacker in the groin with your right front snap kick. (Place leg down in front) Grab his collar with your right hand and pull him straight to the ground as you step backward with your right leg. (Restraint) Hold your attacker on the ground with his right hand in the center of his back.
    INSTR. NOTES  KICK           HO SIN           DOWN
     
                JUMP/ROUND        3 - 3      GROIN KICK/COLLAR
  14. COMBO #12

  15. The attacker starts with his left leg back, and you start with your right leg back. As the attacker steps in to punch, do a front kick to his solar-plexus with your right foot. Put your right foot down so your feet are together. Do a round-house kick with your left foot to the side of the attacker's head, and place your foot down in front of you. Immediately pivot on your left foot, and do a spin inside-outside kick with your right foot to his punch, moving it to the right. Put your right foot down behind you. Slide both feet forward and do a right handed reverse punch to his solar-plexus. Then do a jump side kick with your right foot to his chest. The attacker grabs both of your hands. Turn your right palm so it is facing up, and turn your left palm so it is facing down. Take a step to the right and twist your hips to the right to make him let go of your hands. Do NOT move your arms, but just your hips to get out of his grip. Then twist your hips back to the left so you can do two soo do strikes. The strike with the right hand goes to his left collar bone, and the strike with the left hand goes to his left lower rib. Then step with your right foot to the left and in front of your attacker (placing your back to him setting up for a hip throw ). Put your right arm under his left arm. Push your hip into his body and lift him over your back, and let him fall to the ground.
    INSTR. NOTES  KICK           HO SIN           DOWN
     
                JUMP SIDE          4 - 1        HIP THROW
  16. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

4th Gup to 3rd Gup

Requirements

  1. Must be a Member of the North American Tang Soo Do Federation
  2. Must be in class 24 Days within 3 months.
  3. Must be able to demonstrate ALL lower belt techniques.
  4. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  5. Hook Kick (1 Board)
  6. Form (Hyung)

  7. Pyong Ahn O Dan.
  8. Hand Techniques:

  9. Two fist low block (X block), Two fist Chun-Gul block, Two Fist Hu-Gul block, Soo Do low block, Soo Do middle block, Soo Do high block, Kwan Soo (Spear Hand) attacks, Soo Do (Knife Hand) attacks, Reverse hand, and Hand technique combinations.
  10. Kicking Techniques

  11. Front inside outside snap kick (Peet Cha Gi), Back Kick, Back Side Kick, Back Inside Outside Kick, Hook Kick, Back Hook Kick, and kicking combinations, all lower kicks jumping.
     
  12. COMBO #13

  13. The attacker starts with his right leg back, and you start in ready position. As the attacker steps in to punch, step backward with your left foot into a back stance, blocking the punch with a right handed soo do block. Grab the attacker's wrist with your right hand and do a short round house kick to his stomach with the right leg. Without putting your foot down, and without letting his hand go, do an inside-outside kick over his arm with the right foot striking the attacker's right collar bone. As soon as you strike the collar bone, let go of his hand. Put your right foot down in front of your body. Then switch your legs so that your left knee ends up behind his right knee. Immediately use your left elbow to strike him in the neck causing him to fall backward to the ground. The attacker must fall back and immediately roll backward so that he can get back up into a standing position. After the attacker gets up, take a step toward him with your right foot and then do a jump crescent kick, faking with the left leg and kicking with the right foot to the face. The attacker grabs both of your wrists . Step to the right with your right foot and use your left hand to kwan soo toward the ground and underneath his left hand. This will cause him to let go of your left hand. Then bend your left arm at the elbow and place the back of your thumb against his left wrist. Lift your toes and turn both feet 180 degrees to your left. Grab his left wrist with your left hand. Strike your partner to the throat with a right handed soo do strike. Jump up and place your right leg behind his left leg and elbow him in the throat, causing him to fall to the ground. Do not let go of his hand as he falls, and after he hits the ground, switch your feet and do an ax kick to his chest with your right foot.
    INSTR. NOTES  KICK           HO SIN           DOWN
     
                JUMP/ CRES        4 - 2     BACK HEEL BACK ROLL
  14. COMBO #14

  15. The attacker starts off with his left leg back, and you start off in ready position. As the attacker steps in to punch, step backward with your right foot into a back stance, blocking the punch with a left handed soo do block. Grab the attacker's wrist with your left hand and do a short round house kick to his stomach with the left leg. Without putting your foot down, and without letting his hand go, do an inside-outside kick over his arm with the left foot striking the attacker's left collar bone. As soon as you strike the collar bone, let go of his hand. Put your left foot down in front of your body. Then switch your legs so that your right knee ends up behind his left knee. Immediately use your right elbow to strike him in the neck causing him to fall backward to the ground. The attacker rolls toward you, and you must do a forward roll over him to get out of his way. Both you and the attacker should then stand up, facing each other. You will take a step forward with your right foot and do a jump ax kick, faking with the left leg and kicking with the right foot. (The kick may land either on the attacker's left collar bone or his left knee.) The attacker grabs both of your wrists. Grab his right wrist with your right hand. Then step to the right with your left leg and apply pressure to his wrist by pulling his wrist toward your body with your right hand. Go under his right arm and re-grab his hand so both hands are on his right wrist. Bring your right leg directly behind you holding your partner's wrist above his shoulder. Let go with your left hand and punch him in the face. Do a front snap kick to the attacker's groin with your right foot and then take him to the ground by grabbing his right collar with your right hand and pulling him straight down. Make sure his right hand stays in the same position relative to his head (right elbow above his head). (Restraint) Control the attacker by holding his right hand with your left hand, and applying pressure to the back of his right shoulder with the knuckles of your right hand.
    INSTR. NOTES  KICK           HO SIN           DOWN
     
                 JUMP AX          4 - 3     ROLL/GROIN/COLLAR
  16. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

3rd Gup to 2nd Gup

  1. Must be a Member of the North American Tang Soo Do Federation
  2. Must be in class 48 Days within 6 months.
  3. Must be able to demonstrate ALL lower belt techniques.
  4. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  5. Spinning Back Kick (1 Board)
  6. Form (Hyung)

  7. Passai.
  8. Hand Techniques:

  9. Yuk Jin Kong Kyuk and any combination in any stance.
  10. Kicking Techniques

  11. Front push kick, Spinning back snap kicks (1. Short, 2. Long), Jumping round house kick, Jumping front inside-outside kick, Jumping front outside-inside kick, Jumping back kick, Kicking combinations.
     
  12. COMBO #15

  13. The attacker starts off with his right leg back, and you start off in ready position (two feet together). As the attacker steps in to punch, step to the left with your left foot, and do a soo do block to his punch with your right hand. Grab his wrist with your right hand, and do a short round house kick with your right foot to his chest. Then without putting your foot down, do a side kick to his knee. Put your foot down in front of you, and use the back of your left wrist to strike your partner in the kidneys. Put the left arm under his right arm and move it in a counter clockwise circular motion, and out of the way. Do a right handed palm heel to his chest. Then pull both hands to the left side of your head (left hand is vertical, and right is horizontal) in preparation for two yuk soo do strikes. Strike his knee with your right hand open (palm facing up), and follow that with a left open handed strike to the knee (palm facing down). Finish in a front stance with your left leg back, holding your right arm vertical and your left arm horizontal. Bring your left leg up for side kick position, and jump in the air as you kick your partner in the chest with a jump back kick with the left foot. The attacker grabs both of your hands from the front. Quickly deliver his left hand to your left hand, which will make him let go of your right hand. As soon as he lets go of your right hand, take a small step to the right with your right foot and go into a horse stance. As you step, strike him in the groin with a backfist from your right hand. Re-grab his left hand underneath your left hand, and make sure the fingers of your right hand are in his left palm. Step to the right with your left foot and go under his arm. Take another step with your left foot so you end up exactly where you started (in front of him). Let go of your partner's wrist with your left hand still maintain a good grip with your right hand, punch him in the pressure point directly under his left arm. Drop to your right knee pulling his left hand with your right hand to the ground. Then do a side kick with your right foot to his chest sending him to the ground. Finish by standing in a fight stance facing your partner.
    INSTR. NOTES      KICK     HO SIN           DOWN
                     JUMP BACK    4-4   RIGHT KNEE, BACK KICK
  14. COMBO #16

  15. The attacker starts off with his left leg back, and you start off in ready position (two feet together). As the attacker steps in to punch, step to the right with your right foot, and do a soo do block to his punch with your left hand. Grab his wrist with your left hand, and do a short round house kick with your left foot to his chest. Then without putting your foot down, do a side kick to his knee. Put your foot down in front of you, and use the back of your right wrist to strike your partner in the kidneys. Put the right arm under his left arm and move it in a clockwise circular motion, and out of the way. Do a left handed palm heel to his chest. Then pull both hands to the right side of your head (right hand is vertical, and left is horizontal) in preparation for two yuk soo do strikes. Strike his knee with your left hand open (palm facing up), and follow that with a right open handed strike to the knee (palm facing down). Finish in a front stance with your right leg back, holding your left arm vertical and your right arm horizontal. Grab his left shoulder with your right hand, and do a peet cha gi to his face with your right foot. Then turn around and as you start to walk away from your partner, he grabs both of your hands from behind you. He should be standing close to you. Take a large step backward with your left leg, behind the left side of your partner's body. (This step should be big enough so that your back is touching his chest.) Then bend your elbows, bringing your hands together. Grab your partner's left hand with your right hand, and go underneath his arm so you are on the left of him. As you move under the arm, grab his left hand with your left hand so that both of your hands are on his left. Then step forward with your left foot and turn your body 180 degrees to your right. This puts you directly in front of him. Let go of him with your left hand still maintaining a good grip with your right hand, and punch him in the pressure point directly under his left arm. Go back under his arm, stepping once with your right foot, and then continue stepping with your right foot until you are in a front stance facing him. Kick him in the groin with a front snap kick with your right foot. Then grab his right shoulder with your left hand and pull him straight down to the ground. (Restraint) Hold him with your left hand on his shoulder and hold his left hand in the center of his back with your right hand.
     
     INSTR. NOTES
          PEET CHA GI, REAR GRAB SHORT, LEFT HAND COLLAR PULL DOWN
  16. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

2nd Gup to 1st Gup

Requirements

  1. Must be a Member of the North American Tang Soo Do Federation
  2. Must be in class 48 Days within 6 months.
  3. Must be able to demonstrate ALL lower belt techniques.
  4. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  5. Jump Spinning Back Kick (1 Board)
  6. Form (Hyung)

  7. Passai
  8. Hand Techniques:

  9. Any combination in any stance.
  10. Kicking Techniques

  11. Any Combination with hand techniques.
  12. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

  13. All Lower Terminology
     
  14. COMBO #17

  15. The attacker starts off with his right leg back, and you start off in ready position (two feet together ). As the attacker steps in to punch, step to the left with your left foot, and block the punch with an open left hand by pushing it across to the right. At the same time as the block, strike him in the groin with a right handed palm heel. The attacker then punches again with his left hand. Block that punch with a right handed inside outside block. Do a palm heel to his chest with your left hand, and then immediately do a jump spin inside outside kick with your right foot to his face. The right foot should land in back. Then drop to your left knee and put both hands on the floor next to your right foot. Turn 180 degrees to the right, and with the right leg, do a kneeling side kick to the attacker's chest, and put that knee down in front of you so that both knees are on the ground. Then do a back fist to his groin with your right hand. Get back to your feet. As you start to walk away from your partner, he grabs both of your hands from behind, and stands far behind you. Do a back kick to his groin with your right foot. Put that foot down behind you and far to the LEFT of your body. Lift his left arm above your head, go under it, and turn your body 90 degrees to the right. You should now be standing in a front stance with your right leg back. With your right hand, grab under your partner's wrist using the "claw". With your left hand, grab above your partner's wrist using the "claw". Then pull his arms tight so that his arms are crossed in front of his body. Take a step forward with your right foot, pushing forward with your right hand and pulling toward your body with your left hand. This will cause him to flip over sideways, and you should be standing in a fight stance.
    INSTR. NOTES:
    REAR LEG DROP TO KNEE, SIDE KICK, GROIN PUNCH, REAR GRAB LONG
     
  16. COMBO #18

  17. The attacker starts off with his left leg back, and you start off in ready position (two feet together ). As the attacker steps in to punch, step to the right with your right foot, and block the punch with an open right hand by pushing it across to the left. At the same time as the block, strike him in the groin with a left handed palm heel. The attacker then punches again with his right hand. Block that punch with a left handed inside outside block. Do a palm heel to his chest with your right hand, and then immediately do a jump spin inside outside kick with your left foot to his face. The left foot should land in back. As soon as the left foot lands, do a hurricane kick with your left foot faking and kicking with the right foot in the face. Then the attacker grabs you from the side on your right wrist. (The attacker's thumb should be facing up.) Do a side kick with your right foot to his knee, and put it down in the same spot that you started from. Then look at your right palm. Grab underneath his left wrist with your left palm facing up using the "claw". Pull your right hand free and use a knife hand to cut across his knuckles, toward the ground. This will break his wrist. Then jump toward him so that your right knee ends up behind his left knee. Elbow him in the neck with your right elbow, so that he falls over your knee to the ground. ( Do NOT let go of his hand with your left hand. ) (Restraint) Then put his forearm across his head and hold it there with both hands, applying pressure straight down.
    INSTR. NOTES: KICK      HO SIN             DOWN
                 HURRICANE  SIDE NATURAL

1st Gup to 1st Dan

Requirements

  1. Must be a Member of the North American Tang Soo Do Federation
  2. Must be in class 48 Days within 6 months.
  3. Must be able to demonstrate ALL lower belt techniques.
  4. Breaking (Kyok Pa)

  5. 10 boards 5 hand 5 foot Techniques
  6. Form (Hyung)
    1. Gi Cho Hyung Il Bu
    2. Passai
    3. Nai Han Ji Cho Dan
    4. Nai Han Ji E Dan
  7. Hand Techniques:

  8. Any combination in any stance.
  9. Kicking Techniques

  10. Any Combination with hand techniques.
  11. Wrist Grabs (Ho Sin Sul)
  12. Set 5 (Side Grabs) - Red Belt + 1 Blue Stripe & Above

  13. 1. Natural grip (thumb up): Side kick to mid-point of thigh. Bring your left hand under attacker's hand allowing your fingers to capture his thumb. Pull thumb in a downward motion and pull your right hand from his grip. Using your right hand soo do across the knuckles of your attacker's hand pushing in a downward motion. In a quick step with your right leg step behind your attacker's left leg. With your right elbow strike your attacker in the throat taking him to the ground.
    2. Unnatural Grip (thumb down): Side kick to mid-point of thigh. Attacker is grabbing your right hand. With your left leg start to move backward a full 180 degrees striking your attacker in the elbow of his left hand. This will cause him to let go of his grip. Quickly bring your left arm over his head and across his neck as you slide your left leg behind his left leg. Hit the attacker in the neck, this will cause him to fall to the ground.
  14. Set 6 (Rear grabs)

  15. 1. Close grab: Step sharply back with left foot, grabbing opponent's left hand with your right. Circle around your left foot with your right (so you are facing your opponent), passing under opponent's arm. Apply wrist bend. Body punch.
    2. Distant grab: Back kick to groin with right leg. Bring your right leg behind your left, step forward at the same time circling arms around as you do so. End up by trapping opponent's right arm over left. Note:
  16. PUSH DEFENSE

  17. 1-a) Step right leg back pushing opponents arms out to side (double inside outside reverse soo do blocks).
    1-b) Left hand rakes across face (left to right) and right hand soo do to the ribs (under opponents left arm).
    1-c) Right hand grabs tissue under opponents left arm and pulls at same time left hand does soo do to opponents neck.
    1-d) Both hands pull back then deliver "one knuckle" (index finger knuckle) punch to opponents chest.
    2-a) Step right leg back pushing opponents arms out to side (double inside outside soo do blocks).
    2-b) Grab opponents arms at biceps (squeezing pressure points).
    2-c) Pull opponent into knee kick to groin or solar plexus.
    3-a) Step right leg forward pushing opponents arms out to side (double insdie outside block).
    3-b) Hold opponents right arm with your left hand, do elbow strike to opponents head.
    3-c) Do 3 elbow strikes to opponents ribs under opponents right arm.
    3-d) Step with your right leg, landing with your right leg just behind opponents right leg (thighs should be touching) and do an elbow to opponents face (or chest) pushing them down over your thigh. (Do not release your hold with the left arm throughout this defense.)
    4-a) Step right leg forward pushing opponents arms out to side (double inside outside soo do block).
    4-b) Right hand hammer fist to opponents inner right arm.
    4-c) Backfist to opponents head.
    4-d) Pull right arm back (on your right side) pick up right foot. Step down and deliver punch to solar plexus at same time.
  18. Specific knowledge of Culture and terminology.

  19. All Lower Terminology,
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